need a lawyer

dunh-dunh-dun-dun-dun-ne-dun-ne-dunh. engvid. hi.james from engvid. i did a lesson before on sort of crime, when you get arrested by thepolice, and this is a second part, because there are two parts to a legal system or a law system.the first part is meeting the police, and the police saying you've done something wrong.the second part is when you actually have to get someone to say you areguilty or innocent. we'll go over that in a second or two: what does that mean? butyou have to go before people, and they have to tell you everything is good and you cango home, or bad and you have to go to jail. you ready? let's go to the board. all right, so i was on my stool of justice,but probably gone for a second, here.

let's go to the board. there are acouple terms we want to talk about. remember we talked about being arrested? well, thesecond part is going to court. we like to say: "you have your day in court", which means that you cannot go to jailfor no reason. someone has to say you've done something wrong, and they have to show it.so, this video is about the process of how that happens. okay?these are called "handcuffs". handcuffs. usually you see the police, they put them on you. well, on you,not on me, if you do something bad. or you see bad guys wearing handcuffs. and the reasonwhy i did handcuffs is because the two things

go together. if you get arrested,you need to go to court. all right? so let's get a start. you'll notice that we have funny pictures uphere, so we're going to try and figure out what these pictures mean. the first one younotice is an ear. well, in north america, before you go to a long-term prison, i give you example.if you drink a little one night, they can put you in jail for one night, butthen they usually let you go the next day, so there's nothing special about that. butif they want to put you in jail for a longer period of time, they actually have to give you a "trial".okay? that's a word up here. but you need to have a "hearing". the hearingis where you go in front of a judge, and that

is a man or a woman who listens to what youhave to say, and they listen to what the police say, and they decide if they should say: "this is it, don't worry about it", or: "this is serious, andwe need to go further." this will happen in casesof murder, and large theft, like $10,000, $100,000, $200,000 orany kind of sexual crime. if you walk across the street when cars are coming, don't worryabout it, you won't need a hearing. but you notice ear is for "hearing", so this will tellyou the first part is a hearing. "hearing" because the judge needs to hear what you haveto say, because the police have said you're

bad, and you get to say: " hey, look, it wasn't me", or: "it's not what...that's not what happened." so you go for a hearing. now, after the hearing, the judge will decide,and they will decide if you have a "trial". there are two people you must knowwill be at the trial. one is... okay. the first is the "judge". the"judge" is the person with this thing. oh, not exactly the best drawing in the world, looks like thor's hammer, butit's called a "gavel". bang. that's when they tell you the decision, they hit the gavel.so that will be the judge.

the other person that will be at your trialwill be a "lawyer". your lawyer. you're going to need one. make sure if you ever get inthis situation, you get a lawyer. in america, it's called an "attorney". they can use bothterms, "lawyer" or "attorney". "lawyer" is commonly used through english-speaking countries.okay? so, there's also a lawyer for the other side, because there's you, and you're called the"defense", and on the other side, depending who they're representing, thegovernment or another person. okay? now, here, after you have... you go to trial,the judge will make a decision. this decision, he will use his gavel, and it is called a "judgment" or "verdict".a judgment or a verdict.

this is where they decide if you are "guilty" or "innocent"."innocent" means you are good, no jail time. "guilty" means you are bad, okay?now, you'll notice there's an arrow, here. we go here because there's two little breaks.there's a break for a reason. if the verdict is you are innocent, the charges willbe dropped, like a ball. okay? so you can imagine this, charges dropped, no more, you gohome, you're free. okay? so if you're innocent, you... the charges will be dropped. we'lldraw a little electricity, here. not the best electricity in the world. dunh-dunh-dunh. watchthe flash, there. electricity. the charges will be dropped and you go home free. if the charges are not dropped, you will get...i'll write this word, here, and then i'll

show in a senten-... a second. "sentenced". notice the sentence:"i loved you" is in the past tense. you will get sentenced. you willget a sentence or sentenced. this means they will give you a period of time youmust go to jail. they will say: "okay, you need to go to jail for twoyears, plus a day", or: "one year". and by the way, those numbers are not just whatever numbers; there's a meaningfor why two years plus a day, or you have to serve a year. it depends on the country you'rein, and i will get back to that afterwards a little later.

now, if you get sentenced... notice: "i loved you", okay?you're going to have to go to, dunh-dunh-dunh-dunh, "prison", baby. i'm sorry, you're locked up.you can see this person is very unhappy. but it's not over yet.it's like monopoly, it's a game. no, sorry, it's not a game, but similar to thatif you go to prison, you can actually say: "hey, this isn't fair. i actually didn'tdo anything wrong, and i can prove it." and you're allowed to do something called "appeal it".now, if you notice, this is a banana. well, the skin of a banana is called "peel",and it is spelt with two e's. that's not how you spell "appeal" here, but you get the idea,because with a banana, the banana is inside,

and then you remove the skin to get a look atwhat's actually there, or to see what happened. in this case, you go for an "appeal" with "eal", okay?an "appeal" means you go back up and say: "i want another judgment." soyou go from here, i want an appeal, and you go up to another judgment. if you're lucky, you can get the charges dropped here.if not, i'm sorry, we go straight to here. okay? so i put"appeal" down here, sorry. doo-doo-doo-doo-doo-doo-doo, and you're going to serve "time". okay?you go to prison and you serve time. sorry about that, kids, but

you will have serve... notice how this lookslike a clock, you'll have to do your full sentence if you don't get the appeal. but when you're finished your time, you willbe "released". see how the fish is on the hook and you let the fish go? you let thefish go, you are let out of prison and you are released. now, there's a word i didn't writeup here, but i will right now, which is this... these are special words. if you go to jail,you are "convicted" of a crime, which means you went to jail. you are now a "convict".so sometimes you hear people talk about: "he's a convict", or shortthey say: "he's a con", and that means you servetime in prison. now,

you can do something wrong, but not go tojail, then that means you are not a convict, nor have you been convicted. you might bea "criminal", but you're not a "convict". so when you watch your tv programs, they go:"that con just got out", or: "he's a convict". they're saying this person spent time in prison.okay? but you could be a criminal and never convicted of anything. okay?keep that in mind. now, there is one thing i want to mention,cross your fingers on this one, sometimes there are so many cases, court cases-right?-goingon that it's very difficult for the judge or the lawyers to get to you and your case.and what will happen is they will say: "we're going to throwit out." and they say:

"look, you already went to...you know, you were in jail for the night, you waited two years,this is too long, this is not right, so we're going to throw out your case." okay? because when you hear somebody say: "i was... i had to go to a hearing, then i went to...i didn't go to court, because i threw it out", probably what happened is they took too long,so you go home free, no problems. cool? well, let's... if you really understand this,we're going to do a little quiz and see how well you understand the court systemfor british-speaking countries. are you ready?

[snaps] hey. before i start with a little quiz that ihave for you, just to make sure you understand what we were doing with the vocabulary wewere learning for, you know, the criminal court system, i just want to go over somethingthat you will hear, because i live in canada, so i will say one thing, but many programsthat you will watch will be american, and they will say something else. so you shouldunderstand what the difference is, okay? now, "guilty". if you're guilty of a "felony"or a "federal charge". if something is very small, like you steal a chocolate bar froma store, or you were driving a little too fast, these are classed "misdemeanors", they are small.you probably won't get in that

much trouble. usually, you get a fine whereyou must go and pay money. that's it. right? or you punch somebody, even, boom, you hitsomeone, you get a fine, usually, if there's no serious damage. however, if you do things that are consideredfederal charges or felonies, there is something specific that takes place. number one, thereare serious charges. okay? so felonies and criminal charges are serious. murder, whereyou kill someone; rape, this was a sexual attack; if you drink and drive and kill someone,that's called "manslaughter". so you can drive fast, and you'll get a ticket. if you driveand kill somebody or hit somebody, you'll get a felony.

now, what does this mean for you?because you're like: "okay, nice words, 'misdemeanor', 'felony','criminal charges', blah, blah, blah." hold your horses. this is serious. when it's a misdemeanor in canada, you'regoing to go to jail for less than two years, and the judges will actually say somethinglike: "two years, less a day", that means you go in provincial... a provincial jailor a local prison, somewhere close to where you live. so if you live in toronto, you'llgo to a toronto jail, okay? in canada, if they say this is a criminal charge, it's twoyears, plus a day. that means federal time. that means they move your butt from where youare to a federal prison. it's considered

very serious, that's why it's murder,serious theft, or injuring someone badly. united states is interesting. there's... there'sserious crimes, they're called "felonies". it's the same idea, it's a serious crime. butthe difference, here, is this: in canada, they think you're a serious criminal and youneed to be in a serious place if you're going to jail for more than two years, because you'revery dangerous, they think. in america, 12 months is enough. so if you do something,the judge goes: "365 days", you're going to a serious prison. now, there's one thing i didn't write on theboard, but in america they have in many states, like california, they have what's called a"three strikes rule", that means if you get

three felonies in a row, you go to jail forthe rest of your life. so when in the states, be careful, because the first time you getyour first felony and second, don't think: "oh, i'll just get one more." no, because you're going togo to jail for the rest of your life. all right? just a little something,because i know many of you who watch american programs are always talking about: "that's a felony, youknow that, don't you?" and you're going: "he didsomething bad, what?" this is why you need to know, okay?you're going

to jail at least a year, and if youget three of them, you're done. now, let's go to the board and do the quiz. dunh-dunh-dunh-dunh-dunh-dunh. matlock. "the judge have her __________and i had to go to jail." remember there are two possible words forthis, so you have two shots to get it right. what do you think it will be? similar to the decision. that's right, gave her"verdict", or you could say

"judgment". she gave her verdict orshe gave her judgment, and i had to go to jail. okay? what about the next one? "in canada you go to federal prison if yoursentence is ____ ____ ____ ____ ____." that's right, "two years plus a day". so if you get two years-that's a long time, people-plus-andthis is the important part-plus a day, you're going to federal prison. that's the seriousone where the guards carry stuff. ugh. not a place you want to go andbe for a long time. okay? number three:

"if the charges are droppedyou will be __________." and i want you to think like the fish.do you remember the fish? that's right, you will be "released". theywill let you go. you will be released. and number four: "the person who helps you incourt is your __________." in america, they callthem "attorneys". what do you think they call them in therest of the english-speaking places? another word for "attorney"? your "lawyer", becauseyour lawyer knows the law.

and i'd like to say thanks for doing the quiz,thank you for coming here. knowing english, i want to send you to a place where youcan learn more english, and that's www.eng, eng as in english, vid asin video.com (www.engvid.com), okay? go to engvid. we would liketo teach you more english. thanks for tuning in, anddon't forget to subscribe somewhere here, here, here, or here. thanks a lot. chow.