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hi. my name is justin varughese.i'm one of the nursing home abuse attorneys at parkerwaichman. i just wanted to take a couple of minutes to talk withyou about the different stages of bed sores and some of thethings that nursing homes can do to prevent them. first of all,bed sores are categorized into four stages. they go from stageone through stage four. now stage one is normally a reddenedarea which forms on what's called "bony prominences", whichis parts of the body where bones are closest to the skin wherebed sores are most likely to

form. so stage one is sort of areddened area, often times it comes on the lower back, on thebuttock, sometimes on the upper back or the back of the head -areas of the body that are just laying on the bed where most ofthe weight from one's body is. so stage one being that reddenedarea is just the initial stages of a bed sore. now stage two iswhen there begins to be some breakdown of the skin. oftentimes it looks like a blister or it might look like a very badlyscraped knee, where the skin is beginning to break but it hasn'tgone beneath the flesh just yet

- and that's a stage two bedsore. stage three is a little bit more severe. it goes deeper;some of the tissue and the fat that is above the muscle beginsto deteriorate. it's quite gruesome to look at by the timeit gets to a stage three because you start to see sort of a holein the person's flesh. and then a stage four is the most severeof bed sores, where the fat and the tissue has beendeteriorated, muscle has been deteriorated. often times astage four bed sore is so deep you can actually stick your fist- or stick your hand - right

into it. sometimes you can seethe bone because all of the flesh has totally beendeteriorated. that's a stage four, the most severe of allbed sores. now, there are many things that nursing homes shouldbe doing to treat and to prevent bed sores. in fact, there arestate and federal regulations and guidelines that dictate someof the things that nursing homes must be doing, not only to treatbed sores but to prevent them. some of the treatments that aremost common - depending on the stage and how severe the bedsore is, some of the treatments

- include, you know, ointmentsand lotions that can be used to help treat and prevent infectionand reduce the size of bed sores. for the more severe bedsores, sometimes there's a type of vacuum that's used to justhelp remove all of the infected tissue - it's called "necrotictissue" and "sloth" are the technical terms for it. and thatvacuum sort of removes that infected portion of the wound sothat it has a chance of healing. now while those treatments aresometimes effective, the most effective treatment out there isprevention. because any doctor

will agree that bed sores arefar easier to prevent than they are to treat. once they form,they're much harder to treat and get rid of then prevent fromhappening in the first place. so, if you have a loved one ina nursing home, it's important that you make sure the nursinghome is doing everything they can to prevent bed sores fromforming. some of those things involve making sure that yourloved one is on what's called a "turning and positioningschedule", where they turn the resident from their back totheir side to another side every

two hours to make sure theydon't spend the whole day in one position. in addition to that,there are preventive creams and things like that they should beusing. so ask the nursing home what they're doing to preventyour loved one from developing bed sores. my name is justinvarughese. i'm really glad and thankful that you spent a coupleminutes with me. if you're watching this video thelikelihood is that you have a loved one at a nursing home thatmaybe has a bed sore or may be in danger of getting one. so i'dlike you to give me a call. pick

up the phone. i'd like to answeryour questions. i handle cases like this every single day. andi'm able to answer any questions that you might have so please dogive me a call. thank you for your time.